Raised‑bed squash offers lush, year‑round yields, but success hinges on plant selection, timing, pest control, and precise water delivery. Below you’ll find industry‑backed advice to help you cultivate healthy, high‑yielding squash.
Squash falls into two main categories: winter (non‑edible stems) and summer (edible stems). Winter varieties, such as butternut and acorn, are true “edible‑stalk” plants and require the entire stalk for consumption. Summer varieties, including zucchini and pattypan, produce edible stems but are harvested before the seed matures.
Knowing the difference informs spacing, harvest timing, and post‑harvest storage. Winter squash demands a longer growing season and is usually harvested at the peak of ripeness; summer squash can be harvested continuously from early spring to fall.
Most summer squash varieties are bush types that grow up to 4 ft in diameter. Trailing varieties can extend beyond the bed’s edges but can be trained on a trellis to conserve space.
Winter squash often grows as a vine. Some varieties form 4‑ft vines; others can reach over 12 ft. Use trellises or strategic placement to keep the vines manageable while allowing adequate airflow.
Both winter and summer squash are warm‑weather crops. Ideal soil temperatures for transplanting range from 50–60 °F (10–16 °C), with optimal germination occurring between 80–90 °F (24–32 °C). Use a soil thermometer to confirm readiness before planting.
For seedlings, consider a row cover to mitigate early chill. Direct‑seed later in the season when soil temperatures consistently exceed 60 °F.
Squash bugs (Acanthoscelides spp.) and other pests can damage seedlings and reduce yields. Integrated pest management (IPM) practices—such as trap crops, beneficial insects, and targeted organic sprays—help keep populations in check without harming pollinators.
Vine borers are a significant threat to both summer and winter squash. Choosing varieties labeled “borer‑resistant” can reduce damage. Additionally, installing mulches that discourage ground‑dwelling beetles and applying a layer of mulch around the base of plants can further protect against borers.
Healthy pollination is critical for fruit set. Plant early‑blooming annuals (e.g., calendula, sweet alyssum) and summer perennials (e.g., marigold, basil) to provide a continuous nectar source. Avoid broad‑spectrum insecticides; if needed, apply organic treatments only during off‑peak pollinator activity.
Wet leaves are a conduit for fungal disease. Deliver water directly to the root zone using a drip system or a soaker hose. If you must use a hose, aim the spray at the soil surface, not the foliage. Keep the canopy dry to reduce the risk of powdery mildew and other pathogens.
Summer squash thrives when harvested every 2–3 days. Zucchini reaches optimal flavor at 3–4 inches in length. For leafy varieties like patio‑style zucchini, cut the fruit at the stem and continue harvesting to allow the plant to keep producing.
Planting new seedlings 4–6 weeks apart creates a continuous harvest. For example, sow two rows of zucchini in late May and follow up with a second round in mid‑July. This approach maximizes output without mandating compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory compulsory