A not so common fish culture in some Asian countries is Coastal Aquaculture. The culture is practiced in marine/brackish water to produce local marine species. The overlap of species that grow in brackishwater or marine species depends on the tolerant level of water salinity. However some species are adaptable to both type of environment have shown good tolerance to low levels of salinity.
Marine and Brackish-water Fish Culture
Types
of Aquaculture
There are three major types of aquaculture practiced
around the world. We have marine culture, inland culture and brackishwater
culture. Most popular type is inland culture segmented into different types of
pond systems.
Inland
brackishwater
marine
Aquatic
species in Coastal Culture
There are many aquatic species produced in coastal culture. Common types are shrimps and many fish species. Common fish farmed in this system are rabbit-fish, mangrove snapper, grouper, sea bass, milkfish and finfish. Another culture of importance is the production of seaweed.
Agriculture in Israel
Seaweed
Shrimps
rabbit-fish
mangrove snapper
grouper
sea bass
milkfish
finfish
Type
of Feed
A major challenge is providing sufficient feed for the
stock. Feed sources include commercially formulated feed, soy based fish feed,
and fishmeal. Others feed sources are feed meal, home formulated feed.
commercially formulated feed
soy based fish feed
fishmeal
bloodmeal
feed meal
home formulated feed
Challenges
Difficulty in aquatic culture system are many. Primary challenge
is prevention of stock loss and feeding. Others include dependence on wild seed
stock, sluggish industry. More include low species density, expensive
formulated feed, difficulty in obtaining fish meal, poor fresh fish biomass.
There is also a possibility of predators decimating the stock.
stock loss
feeding
predators
dependence on wild seed stock
sluggish industry
low species density
expensive formulated feed
difficulty in obtaining fish meal
poor fresh fish biomass
More Challenges
Coastal fishponds are less
effective than intensive system. They technique is non-sustainable in
comparison to high population growth. There is possibility of failure, social
disruption, conflict and destruction of mangroves ecosystem.
less effective
than intensive system
non-sustainable
in comparison to high population growth
possibility of
failure
social
disruption
conflict
destruction of
mangroves ecosystem
Advantages
The major advantage is huge local and international
market. A successful farmer will make huge profit from sale of stock. Farmers grow different marine species in
coastal fishponds. Common marine are shrimps, milkfish, mullets, catfish and
tilapia.
