The product and farming system determines the type of farm. Eggs or bird meat requires stocking poultry like chickens, duck, turkey, quail even ostriches. Products that arise from poultry include eggs, feathers, meat. Other milk from diary cows, meat sources like goat, sheep, pig, cattle.
Crop farming involves production of seeds, different types of crops or trees. Product are fruits, vegetables, rubber sap, wood, numerous bye-product.
Nontraditional classification is extended to aquaculture like fish farming, pearl culture, worm farming, and mushroom growing. Determinants for investors are trends, market, methodology, practice, size, hosts or culture.
Types
of Farmers
There are different types of farmers based on the
produce. We can categorize them into two broad sectors. There is the arable
farmers who cultivate crops for commercial consumption and livestock farmers.
Crop cultivation includes edible fruits, vegetables and
commercially viable trees. Livestock is broad based covering disciplines like
animal husbandry or aquaculture. Other considerations include production of bye
products such as bags, shoes, tables, leather.
Types
of Farming
Peasant
farming
Dry
farming
Cooperative
Mixed
Collective
State
Corporate
farming
Specialized
Diversified
capitalist
Extensive
Intensive
Aquaculture
Farming
Systems
We have commercial farming growing of seed, pastoral
involves animals. Mixed encompasses both animals/crop farming and arable for
crops. Extensive for low capital or labor, intensive involve moderate capital
high labor. Others are nomadic farming which is self-explanatory movement to
different areas, sedentary fixed in a permanent place.
We have commercial farming growing of seed
Pastoral involves animals
Mixed both animals/crop farming
Arable for crops
Extensive for low capital or labor
Intensive involve moderate capital high labor
Nomadic farming movement to different areas
Sedentary fixed in a permanent place
Things
to consider in crop farming
Crop farming includes planting, fertilizer, spraying and
an effective drainage system. You need fuel, pay labor, ploughing, soil, harvesting
and waste material.
Mixed combines both livestock production and crop. Livestock
involves cattle, buffalo, free range poultry of about 20% of the output.
Extensive
and Intensive
Intensive produces good output based on the deployment of
huge capital resources and labor. While extensive relies on huge land mass to
increase output.
Dry
and Diversified
Dry is when a farmer produces crops in low rainfall area.
To produce they introduce different water sources to feed the crops such as
dams, lakes, wells, boreholes. A diversified farmer produces diverse products
for the market to generate income. In this form no particular product is
primary to the next and each account for the overall sales and income.
Cooperative
Cooperative system is the ownership of the business by
many members. The profit generated is distributed to members based on share of
capital, land or labor. Types of cooperative farming are collective ownership, tenant
ownership, join ownership, individual ownership structures.
Collective
A management committee oversees marketing of surplus and
work allocation .Others include distribution of income generated. The collective
farm is possible through the donation of land and livestock of members.
Specialized
and State
Specialized farms produce a mono-source of product that
accounts for over 60 income is derived. Examples of specialized farms are rice
plantations, yam, orange and grapes. A state might get involved in farming by
providing the legislature and funds.
Corporate and peasant
A peasant farm is run by a single individual and his
family. Most rural farm systems operate the peasant template. The right of
ownership is based on shares of each member while capitalist farming involves
intensive farming, mechanization and a core investor or investors.
Aquaculture
Aquaculture is not entirely regarded as farming. However
domestic production of fish in an intensive or semi-intensive system is now
popular. Common fish farmed are tilapia, exotic fish and catfish. They are
freshwater fish that requires regular water change and feeding. The growth
system are block pond, lakes, earthen ponds, brick ponds, glass ponds.
